Saturday, May 25, 2019

Musings of a Maverick Methodist on the Divinity and Moral Teachings of Jesus

 By Rudy Barnes, Jr.


Thomas Jefferson considered Jesus the greatest of all moral teachers, and also divine.  Webster defines divine as being of or like God.  Jesus referred to God as his Father, a mystical, merciful and all-powerful spiritual power that could reconcile and redeem all people through the transforming power of God’s love and enable them to experience the kingdom of God.

Was Jesus divine?  The Jews were expecting a long-awaited messiah to free them from Roman oppression and restore the power and glory of the ancient kingdom of Israel.  It would have been unthinkable for any Jew to claim to be of or like God; and Jesus never made any such claim.  It was the early church that made Jesus a surrogate Christian God.

Paul’s atonement doctrine depicted Jesus as God’s blood sacrifice to atone for original sin, then John’s Gospel presented Jesus as the mystical Logos.  Later the Apostles’ Creed and the Nicene Creed made belief in Jesus Christ as the Trinitarian alter ego of God a condition of salvation, but neither creed mentioned following the altruistic teachings of Jesus in the gospels.

Thomas Jefferson considered the moral teachings of Jesus a universal moral code relevant to politics, but he considered the divinity of Jesus a mystical matter best kept private.  Whether Christians consider Jesus a prophet, the messiah (Christ is the Greek word for messiah) or the divine alter ego of God, they should follow his teachings as the word of God.

Jesus was a Jewish rabbi who called his disciples to follow him, not to worship him.  The hymn O Young and Fearless Prophet depicts Jesus as a prophet who taught and exemplified the word of God.  That’s what prophets do. And Jews and Muslims consider their prophets, as well as Jesus, as divine sources of God’s word, but not as God in human form.

The church has always sought to be popular, and following the teachings of Jesus on sacrificial love (discipleship) has never been popular.  The church remedied that problem by subordinating the duty of discipleship to worshiping Jesus as the second person of the Trinity. But such exclusivist belief in Jesus as God without discipleship is a form of cheap grace.  

Most Christians believe that their religion is the one true faith and that their salvation depends upon their belief in exclusivist church doctrines that Jesus is the alter ego of God.  Such exclusivist beliefs have been important to the popularity and political power of Christianity in democracies, but they have made religious reconciliation very difficult.
In a world of increasing religious diversity, there’s no place for religious beliefs that condemn unbelievers. Jesus never suggested that God favored one religion over others, and he taught the greatest commandment to love God and our neighbors of other races and religions as we love ourselves.  That’s a common word of faith for Jews, Christians and Muslims.

The Abrahamic religions all have exclusivity issues.  Jews consider themselves God’s chosen people, Christians believe that God sent Jesus as God’s word made flesh, while Muslims believe their holy book, the Qur’an, is God’s word made book.  But the altruistic moral teachings of Jesus are universal and should be the moral foundation for religious reconciliation.

Mystical matters of belief are interwoven with the moral imperatives of faith that define legitimacy (what is right and wrong).  Christianity lost its moral compass in America in 2016 when white Christians ignored the teachings of Jesus and sacrificed him on the altar of partisan politics.  They elected a president whose morality is antithetical to that taught by Jesus.

Those white Christians who supported Donald Trump have discredited Christian morality and undermined political legitimacy in America.  It will take others to restore the greatest commandment as a universal common word of faith and politics.  It is needed to resurrect the Jesus of The Jefferson Bible, whose moral teachings are given precedence over his divinity.       

     
Notes:

Thomas Jefferson considered himself a Christian.  “In a statement of his faith, Jefferson wrote to Benjamin Rush: ‘I am a Christian in the only since that he [Jesus] wished anyone to be; sincerely attached to his doctrines, in preference to all others; ascribing to himself every human excellence; and believing he never claimed any other.’”  Taken from the Preface to The Jefferson Bible: The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth by Forrest Church, Beacon Press,1989.     

The Teachings of Jesus and Muhammad on Morality and Law: The Heart of Legitimacy is an interfaith sudy guide posted in Resources at http://www.religionlegitimacyandpolitics.com/p/resources.html.  The role of Jefferson’s Jesus in the study guide is described in the Introduction at pages 10-15.

O Young and Fearless Prophet (S. Ralph Harlow, United Methodist Hymnal, p 444) depicts the moral teachings of a divine prophet, but not the alter ego of God who was a blood sacrifice to atone for our sins:

1. O young and fearless Prophet
of ancient Galilee,
thy life is still a summons
to serve humanity;
to make our thoughts and actions
less prone to please the crowd,
to stand with humble courage
for truth with hearts uncowed.

2. We marvel at the purpose
that held thee to thy course
while ever on the hilltop
before thee loomed the cross;
thy steadfast face set forward
where love and duty shone,
while we betray so quickly
and leave thee there alone.

3. O help us stand unswerving
against war's bloody way,
where hate and lust and falsehood
hold back Christ's holy sway;
forbid false love of country
that blinds us to his call,
who lifts above the nations
the unity of all.

4. Stir up in us a protest
against our greed for wealth,
while others starve and hunger
and plead for work and health;
where homes with little children
cry out for lack of bread,
who live their years sore burdened
beneath a gloomy dread.

5. O young and fearless Prophet,
we need thy presence here,
amid our pride and glory
to see thy face appear;
once more to hear thy challenge
above our noisy day,
again to lead us forward
along God's holy way.

Related commentary on the greatest commandment and love over law:
(1/11/15): The Greatest Commandment: A Common Word of Faith
(1/18/15): Love over Law: A Principle at the Heart of Legitimacy
(1/23/16): Who Is My Neighbor?
(1/30/16): The Politics of Loving Our Neighbors as Ourselves
(3/31/18): Altruism: The Missing Ingredient in American Christianity and Democracy
(10/13/18): Musings on a Common Word of Faith and Politics for Christians and Muslims
(2/23/19): Musings on Loving Your Enemy, Including the Enemy Within



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(4/12/15): Faith as a Source of Morality and Law: The Heart of Legitimacy
(6/28/15): Confronting the Evil Among Us
(7/12/15): Reconciliation in Race and Religion: The Need for Compatibility, not Conformity   http://www.religionlegitimacyandpolitics.com/2015/07/reconciliation-in-race-and-religion.html
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